Jens Szymanska · Consultancy · Hands-on since 1986

Vulcanization, rebuilt
from the inside out.

Thirty-eight years in natural latex foam — from Dunlop's steam chambers to a high-frequency process, proven across four plants, that cures a mattress core in minutes, not an hour.

4production plants built
38 yrshands-on experience
1986first latex foam mattress

The problem with steam

Most of what you're heating is air.

The Dunlop process hasn't changed much since 1929. Here's what it actually takes to cure one US Queen mattress core the old way.

460 L
mold volume
60 kg
wet latex foam
400 L
air — insulating
up to 1,200 kg
mold weight
60 min
typical cure time

The latex compound is foamed with air, poured into a pinned metal mold, and vulcanized in a steam chamber. The pins exist purely to solve a heat-transfer problem: steam heats the mold's surface, and that energy then has to crawl inward, through metal, until the foam at the core finally reaches its ~100°C curing temperature.

Up to a ton or more of metal, heated to cure sixty kilos of foam. That's why conventional plants need heavy support structures, slow mold changeovers, and long cycle times — and why shapes, sizes and product features stay conservative.

Open conventional steam-vulcanization pin-mold, showing the dense pin pattern across the full panel

An old Dunlop steam-vulcanization mold, opened — pins run across the entire panel to move heat inward from the surface.

The invention

Heat the water, not the metal.

High-frequency energy excites the water molecules already inside the latex foam directly, by their dipole character — no metal in the way, no thermal lag.

Fig. 1

Old Dunlop steam process

Standardized 1929, DUNLOPILLO GB — still the industry default

Diagram of the old Dunlop steam vulcanization process
Heat pathsurface → core
Transferindirect, via metal

Fig. 2

High-frequency vulcanization

Invented by Jens Szymanska, 2003 · first plant: Indonesia

Diagram of the high-frequency RF vulcanization process
Heat patheverywhere at once
Transferdirect, in the water

Fig. 1 → Fig. 2 — same chemistry, sulphur cross-linking of rubber molecules. Different physics.

Real high-frequency vulcanization tunnel on the production floor, Guatemala plant, with RF Systems control cabinet

The actual machine — RF vulcanization tunnel, Guatemala.

Official process comparison diagram: Old Dunlop, New Dunlop with radiofrequency vulcanization, Old Talalay, and New Talalay under development, showing reduced time and space

The full picture — all four production paths compared: steam and RF versions of Dunlop, and the classic and CO₂-free versions of Talalay.

What changes on the factory floor

Minutes instead of an hour, and a lighter building around it.

High energy savingNo ton of metal to heat for every cure cycle.

Export product qualityEven, predictable curing through the whole core.

Reduced space requirementsLighter molds, lighter structure, smaller footprint.

Flexibility in shapes & sizesMolds are fast to open, close and swap.

New designs & featuresErgonomic zoning, channelled aromatherapy cores, and other details become practical, not just theoretical.

Faster reaction to marketShorter cycles mean shorter lead times on new lines.

Faster ROILess energy and floor space per unit produced.

Higher profitLower running cost per mattress, pillow or topper.

In-house mold manufacturingLighter tooling you can build and iterate on-site.

Early lightweight mobile mold cart prototype on wheels, in a Guatemala workshop

An early lightweight mold cart, built in-house in Guatemala — mobile, and a fraction of the weight of a conventional metal pin-mold. Since refined into current tooling.

Thirty-eight years in the industry

From futons to four production plants.

1986

Japanese futons arrive in Germany

Started production of cotton futon mats, then began layering in latex foam — 2 cm, then 6, then a full 10 cm core with fibre on top.

1996

First trip to Asia

Went to investigate natural latex foam directly, at a time the European bedding industry barely distinguished it from synthetic. The trip that set the direction for everything after.

1996

Co-founded QuL e.V.

With the ECO Institute in Cologne — the Quality Association for Environmentally-Agreeable Latex Mattresses.

2000–13

Dames-Willers GmbH, Bremen

Thirteen years responsible for budgeting, planning, export and erection of latex foam plants worldwide.

2003

The Sri Lanka Plant and the Idea for High-Frequency Vulcanization

Vulcanization was still steam-based, but drying was already based on radio frequency technology. This was the initial impetus to develop a new vulcanization process with the corresponding tools.

2006

Indonesia: first RF plant in the world

The new high-frequency process went into full production for the first time in the world.

2009

Guatemala, two lines

Separate production lines for pillows and for mattress cores, both on RF vulcanization AND RF drying.

Elevated view of the Guatemala production floor, with conveyors and RF process equipment

The Guatemala plant floor, during set-up.

Compounding section with dispersion and pearl mills, and compounding tanks

Compounding section.

2013–18

Independent consultant & inventor

Free-standing work across the industry, entrepreneurial projects, further development of the process.

2018

Malaysia

Brought in to help set up a new factory producing mattresses and pillows.

On the production line during a trial run in Malaysia, stripping foam cores from open molds

On the line, trial run, Malaysia.

Now

Talalay without CO₂ or freezing

Latest development: a working sample of Talalay-style foam that skips the usual CO₂ and freezing steps entirely.

Currently in development

Talalay foam, without the CO₂ and freezing steps.

The classic Talalay process relies on vacuum expansion followed by CO₂ gelling and a deep-freeze cycle. The latest work in this lab removes that entirely — same open, consistent cell structure, a simpler production chain.

Independently verified

Third-party test results, not just claims.

Foam from a plant built on this process, tested by independent German labs.

eco-INSTITUT · Cologne

eco-INSTITUT-Label

100%natural latex
Passall emission limits

Latex core tested for VOCs, formaldehyde, nitrosamines and odour under DIN EN ISO 16000. Awarded the eco-INSTITUT-Label in full.

View full test report (PDF) →
LGA QualiTest · TÜV Rheinland Group

Durability & Resilience Test

99 / 100rating points
60,000test strokes

Latex mattress core roller-tested per DIN EN 1957 across 60,000 strokes in two stages — well above the threshold for an increased quality level, with no visible damage after test.

View full test report (PDF) →

Let's talk

Bring RF vulcanization into your factory.

Consultancy, plant setup, mold design, and process troubleshooting — for manufacturers who want more out of a cure cycle than steam can give them.

Message on WhatsApp — +49 152 3185 2629
Bali, Indonesia js@latexfoam.technology